Respiratory Muscle Training for Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Essay

Respiratory Muscle Training for Cervical Spinal Cord Injury - Essay Example Several articles would be used as a way of finding conclusive statement that would be aimed to be a solution to the several problems associated with patient with spinal cord injuries. The other methodology applied in training of patient with spinal cord injury is use of simple breathing device. The effect of these devices would ensure improved respiratory function as a result of the increased strength of the expiratory muscles. The training includes a repeated action by patients through the expiratory muscle training equipment with focuses being laid on the voluntary nature of the patients while in some instances the patients would need to endure a compulsory training session. The focus of the devices according to Roth et al(2010) the training that deploys a low resistance levels would result in improved pulmonary functions which are essential to patients with spinal cord injury. The article also indicate the effectiveness of the resistance training group as compared to the sham model of training The levels of cough according the article are an indicator of the strength of the expiratory muscle which is subject to the training and improvement for the pulmonary fu nctions. Both Silveira et al (2010) and Roth et al (2010) indicates two modes of training with both articles indicating a sitting position to be the preferred method while carrying out the training to people with spinal cord injuries. Roth et al (2010) indicate the effectiveness of the resistance training group as compared to the sham model of training. There is a relationship between trainer and the outcome to quadriplegic patients. The mode of training will involve inspirational training at low loads which would indicate the patient being subjected to conditions of about 30 percent of MIP (Silveira et al, 2010 P 317). The article indicates an improved 20% for the 8 weeks training period for sitting patient Upon attaining the required load

Homework #1 :: essays papers

Homework #1 When I was growing up there were very few computer games that could be used as learning tools. As a child I did have computer class, however this class was used to practice typing or for playing recreational games such as Frogger. When thinking about what to write this paper on I thought of one game that has been on the up rise with children as well as adults. This game is called The SIMS. I thought that this game would be a perfect learning device to teach a variety of important subjects to the age groups ranging from 10-13 years old. My idea is that it would be incorporated in to a family living/economics/home economics class, most likely in a junior high setting. I think it would be best if each student had a computer of their own and worked individually. As their teacher I would pre-set other families for their â€Å"sim† or â€Å"sims† to interact with. In The SIMS you have to create a family. The student can have a single person or a larger family (the limit is eight). The student can choose everything from the color of their skin down to what outfit the character can wear. The next step is to create a personality for your â€Å"sim.† You can choose from a variety of qualities such as cleanliness, kindness and playfulness. Each family starts with $20,000 in the bank. This start up money is used to buy property or a house to live in. Here the students will be taught how to budget their money wisely, because just as in the real world there are extravagant and frivolous things you can purchase in the game. Once the house is set up it is time to look for a job. There are ten job tracks to choose from: business, entertainment, law enforcement, life of crime, medicine, military, politics, pro athlete, science and x-treme. Each of these lets your â€Å"sim† move up in their field if they keep up their training in activities such as cooking, mechanical, charisma, body, logic and creativity. Without keeping up with these tasks your sim cannot keep his/her job. Also important in The SIMS is to interact with other sims. A sim can move in with another sim, date, propose as well as get married (same sex or not). Just as important is keeping to your sims bodily needs such as sleep, hygiene, eating and fun.

Civil Engineering Administration Essay

Engineering Administration Introduction A NZ property developer â€Å"PROFIT† proposed to develop an office building in Beijing, The Republic of China. This requires the use of FIDIC Conditions of Contracts for Construction (i. e. the 1999 Red Book) which is different in the dispute resolution mechanisms compare to the local NZS 3910:2003 Conditions of Contract. Objective The first objective of this report is to compare the difference in the dispute resolution mechanisms between the 1999 Red Book and the NZS 3910:2003 Conditions of Contract. The second objective is to give critical comments to the dispute resolution mechanisms in these 2 standards. Tables and flow charts Discussion There are many differences in the dispute resolution mechanisms between the 1999 Red Book and the NZS 3910:2003 Condition of Contracts. Figure 1 and Figure 2 shows the flow of structure for dispute in both 1999 Red Book and NZS 3910:2003. The figures show that the general flow path between the two acts is similar. For both acts, the engineer that is responsible for the contract is always the first person (party) to be referred to. If the engineer cannot solve the dispute, both acts recommend a method of dispute resolution (by a neutral third party) before referring to arbitration. Arbitration is the last method of dispute resolution that can be used for both acts, the decision from arbitration is call an award and binding and enforceable to both the clients and the contractors. There are 5 major differences between 1999 Red Book and NZS 3910:2003. The differences are listed on table 1. The first difference is the difference in engineer’s position and engineer’s response. In the 1999 Red Book, the engineer is an employee of the client. The response of the engineer can be regard as the response of the client to the contractor (Cl 20. 1). In the NZS 3910:2003, the engineer is a third neutral party responsible for the contract. The decision of the engineer is final and binding on when both the client and the contractor are satisfied. There is also another small difference that the engineer can do while making engineer’s review between the two acts. It can make a connection with an agreed expert to make recommendations to assist to resolve the dispute with the consent of the client and the contractor. This is similar to adjudication, but with the involvement of the engineer. The second difference is the difference in obligation of the engineer to give it decision to the dispute. In 1999 Red Book, the engineer must give it response to the contractor within 42 days after receiving the claim to obey the law. In the NZS3910:2003, the engineer is expect to give a response to the dispute in 20 working days. However, the engineer may choose to not give any decision within the time limit which is not against the law. In this case, the client and the contractor could refer to other adjudication process to resolve the dispute. The third difference is the difference in the recommended method of dispute resolution to take before referring to arbitration. The 1999 Red Book recommend to referred to dispute adjudication board. The NZS3910:2003 recommend to referring to a mediator. The dispute adjudication board is panel of experienced and expertised reviewer which is organised before the construction begins and meets at the job site periodically. There, the reviewer in the dispute adjudication board is familiar with the job procedure and progress. The mediator is an independent neutral third party which acts as the case manager and the facilitator of the dispute. The mediator does not have to be expertise and it does not have previous relationship with the contract before the mediation undertaken. The fourth difference is that in there is an extra obligated process which is required to be undertaken in the 1999 Red Book but not in the NZS 3910:2003. Clause 20. 5 in the 1999 Red Book indicates that before commencement of arbitration, both parties shall attempt to settle the dispute amicable. In the NZS 3910:2003 There is no similar regulations. The fifth difference is the difference between the restriction dates for all the steps in the dispute resolution procedure in figure 1 and figure 2. The 1999 Red Book has specified clearly the restriction time. The NZS3910:2003 use working days and sometimes months in it regulations. For example, the restriction on the submission date for contractors’ claim is within 28 days in 1999 Red Book after he became or should have become aware of the event;the restriction date of the same situation in NZS 3910:2003 is 1 month. Obviously, the clear number of days used in the 1999 Red Book is more formal and precise than the use of month in the NZS 3910:2003. In some other step, the NZS 3910:2003 sometimes use working days. For example, the engineer review shall give a formal decision within 20 working days (clause 13. 2. 4). The use of working days is

Intimate Partner Violence ( Tda ) Directed Against Women

There is no question that intimate partner violence (IPV) directed against women is a fundamental issue. However, it is clear that a paradigm has been developed within the IPV literature which generally holds that it is gender-based; that perpetrators are exclusively or disproportionately male (Dutton., 2006) and that females are the sole victims. Whilst the original function of this paradigm was to generate social change in a direction that righted an imbalance against women (Dutton Nicholls., 2005), the present result is a misinformation regarding the reality of IPV. It holds that male-perpetrated violence towards women â€Å"arises from patriarchal values which motivate men to seek to control women’s behaviour, using violence if necessary† (Bates, Graham-Kevan Archer., 2013). It will be further explored in this essay how this claim, for the most part, has been rejected. In fact, a ‘gender neutral view’ of IPV has gradually emerged, beginning with the w ork of Strauss and colleagues around 30 years ago. Results from the 1985 National Family Violence Surveys (Straus Gelles., 1986) in the USA showed that 12.1% of husbands were victims of their wife’s violence, prompting interest in this novel field. Thus Steinmetz (1977/78) proposed the existence of the ‘battered husband syndrome’; findings in her paper showed that the rates of violence between both sexes in an intimate relationship were â€Å"very similar†, with at one stage it being shown that the violence of wivesShow MoreRelatedEssay Paper84499 Words   |  338 Pages4–22, page 29 Domestic Violence Amendment to the Gun Control Act of 1968 †¢ 4–23, page 30 Chapter 5 Other Responsibilities of Command, page 32 General †¢ 5–1, page 32 Appearance before congressional committees †¢ 5–2, page 32 Political activities †¢ 5–3, page 32 Command aspects of medical care †¢ 5–4, page 34 Family care plans †¢ 5–5, page 36 Accommodating religious practices †¢ 5–6, page 40 Prohibition of military labor unions †¢ 5–7, page 44 Complaints or accusations against military personnel †¢