MGT506 - Strategic Leadership, Mod 4 Case Assignment Essay

MGT506 - Strategic Leadership, Mod 4 Case Assignment - Essay ExampleNegative and positive reinforcement both are ad pars singled by type X managers and those with a transactional lead style. Transformational leadership, on the other hand, is an extended form of the traditional transactional leadership approach. Transformational leadership is not only based on the conformity of the chase and/or subordinates but it excessively looks forward to shift the beliefs, the values and the needs of the followers. The attempt of transformational leaders is to become prospering in nip and tuck colleagues, followers, subordinates and clients towards a much greater awareness of the consequences of the issues. This spreading of awareness requires a leader who is equipped with a vision, internal locus of control, confidence and the courage to put forward what he sees is right (Kuhnert and Lewis, 1987). TRANSACTIONAL LEADER CHARLES DE GAULLE The main essence of transactional leadership dates ba ck to the World War 1, where leaders gained relative importance and lead the forces of war. french army in the event of the First World War and was amongst the few army generals who led successful armored counter attacks during the battle of France in 1940. What makes Charles De Gaulle a transactional leader? The famous French statesman Charles de Gaulle was a prominent example of the transactional leadership style. ... He also motivated his subordinates through keeping forward the rewards and penalization process. He was an Army man and so laid out a clear requirement excogitate in front of his subordinates and the corresponding rewards and it was very evident that in the event of a failure to gather those requirements, they will be eligible to receive the corresponding punishment. Was his leadership style appropriate? All these traits trammel Charles De Gaulle as a transactional leader. The approach he had was very suitable for the environment of that era. Politically as well , he had the right vision for that time. He has been very famous for his work in History and many politicians and leaders of today admire him (Qazi, 2010). TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADER MARTIN LUTHER KING Jr. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born into a Baptist ministers family in 1929, Atlanta, Georgia. He was himself a Baptist minister and was awarded with national prominence as the leader of polite rights movement in United States and through the Southern Christian leadership conference. He was also one of the bearers of Nobel Prize for peace award in 19 64, his efforts and leadership abilities were the keys to success for his movement which was the ending of the heavy segregation of the African Americans in the southern states of the United States. He was never in favor of madness and always wanted to stick about a social change in the status quo of batch (McGuire & Hutchings, 2007). What makes Martin Luther King Jr. a transformational leader? He was a visionary. He had a broader vision to bring about a change and had the skills to convert the abstract ideas into an understandable objective and goal making it easier for his followers to understand. He was an

Stress Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stress - Lab Report ExampleVarious riskiness factors are found to be associated with the job-related pains which may act independently or in amalgamation, including (Risk factors for survive-related stress, n.d.)- A. locomote Demands- As every individual possesses a limited capacity for work, exceeding these confines may mystify job-related stress such as time pressure, getting insufficient time to accomplish tough tasks, great mental tasks necessitating decision-making or requiring concentration. Monotonous work may generate stress due to unutilized skills or work that demands overtime or taking work home or erratic shift rosters disturbing ain life. B. Low levels of control- Poor control over the situation, lack of autonomy, needless inspection and burdened responsibilities with diminutive bureau may generate stress. In some cases individual is also responsible for inadequately managing the work or not accomplishing the task on time due to deplorable control over the wor k may generate stress. C. Poor support from supervisors and co-workers- In certain cases the workers may not feel adequate transparence to talk to the supervisors regarding the work issues or the administration is unable to fix the issue may generate stress at work place. ... E. Poorly managed relationships- Co-workers may act as a support or a source of stress. Positive and negative relationship may generate conflict which could serve as an nervous impulse or drive for betterment or it may generate strain. F. Low level of recognition and reward- admiration is a way of communication which is an expected of every person who is performing a task, this generates stimulus for diligence. On the contrary, no recognition of the work generates stress and frustration. G. Poorly managed change- Work condition may alter poor management of uncertainties may generate stress. H. Organizational Justice- Evenhandedness is highly desirable in the organization, this not only generates sound working environment but also protect the precipitation of stress in individuals. Organizational biases, hector and harassment may culminate into generation of stress. To promote growth and development of the organization it is essential that two employee and employer work in co-ordination to minimize stress at work-place. The employee must take the responsibility to be physically and mentally well, should avoid snags and negative approaches and by establishing better communication with the management and co-workers (Stress at work Tips to cringe and Mange Job and Workplace Stress, n.d.). The employer on the other hand must provide the employees with maximum control over their jobs, maintaining clear communication about important facts, by talking about the goals of the company, customer demands, companys efforts and directives, the supervisors must be able to bring out the best in sub-ordinates, encouraging open discussions and free talks, providing the employees with the freedom to co nception their job in a

Compairing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Compairing - Essay Example allows have a review of Ford fiesta, a small auto whose recommended price in Great Britain Pound (GBP) including taxes was 14,102 darn excluding taxes it was 12,001. Prices shown herein are based on recommended retail price familiarized for equipment contrast effective on Jan 1, 2010. Ford Focus, a Medium segment elevator car, carried a recommended price including taxes, which was 20,247 while excluding taxes it was 17,231. Ford Mondeos recommended price inclusive of taxes was 24,309 while excluding taxes it was 20,688 GBP (European Commission, 2010).These car prices have been provided by the car manufacturers themselves by means of their associations (ACEA) and (JAMA). It should be noted that actual car prices may not be the same as recommended prices, as it depends on dealers to offer reduced prices and extra monetary benefits to their customers seeing the market trends (European Commission, 2010).Considering the Eurostat figures indicating reduced effect of fanfare on car market in comparison to other products, the year-on-year change in actual car prices from January 2009 to January 2010 for the United Kingdom in % was 11.2 in nominal car price and 7.7 in actual car price (European Commission, 2010).In Small segment area A & B, Ford Fiesta has been one of the surpass selling cars whose prices for the three consecutive years from 2008 to 2010 are given below in percentages of prices in euro ahead taxes (European Commission, 2010).Incidentally, it would be interesting to compare in small segment the price behavior of Ford Fiesta with other cars like Peugeot 206/207, Renault Clio, Fiat Grande Punto/Punto and VW Polo. In 1/01/2008, Peugeot 206/207 price difference was 32.6%, which showed only a infinitesimal increase of 32.7% in 1/01/2009 while in the next year i.e. 1/01/2010, Peugeot price difference was 39.7%.As we note down from the table 1, coming down from Peugeot, to Renault Clio, to Fiat Grande Punto to VW Polo to For d Fiesta, all

Social Factors On Consumer Tastes And Preferences Essay

Social Factors On Consumer Tastes And Preferences - Essay ExampleThose who earn a good amount of money usually consume a majority of economic and cultural capital. The character may be symmetrical with balance between the economic and cultural capital or unsymmetrical with the balance tilted in favour of one of the capitals. The characteristics of each of the structure atomic number 18 distinctive and those structures are called habitus. The lifestyles are therefore influenced by the habitus. Taste has assumed great importance in the Habitus as it is often the distinctive factor of the matching principles in the society. In cultural consumption, there has been a line between the rarity of the product and the easy availability of the product. The rare products are considered as precious and the much readily available ones are called vulgar. The choice of tastes of the upper class of the society is distinctively different from the cut back class of the society. Taste refers to am or fati or the destinys choice, which is forced by the conditions of existence and makes the preference of the necessity. (Bordieu, 1984) symphony has been an essential part of social life for thousands of years. Over the years, music has inserted a deep impact on the social life of the human beings. Eminent personalities in the history of music like Mozart, Beethoven etc. have played an important part in the popularity of music. Music was used as a putz in various social happenings, gatherings and even as a form of revolt. Great revolts in the history of history were in some parts inspired by music.

Evaluating a Website for Credibility Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Evaluating a Website for Credibility - Coursework ExampleAs such, engaging with the United States national programs designed to diminish its occurrence and provide adequate funding to treat its symptoms is of essential interest to this situation author.The empowerment of the webpage in question is of course established due to the incident that it is government sponsored. This level of authority resigns the website to be represented alongside other websites involving AIDS information and represented in a extremely positive light. Furthermore, the information that is represented is useful however, it is somewhat limited with respect to its application. What is meant by this has to do with the concomitant that the website, and its entire focus, is of course placed with regards to ameliorating aids within a domestic context non a global one. Furthermore, the objectivity that website is able to generate is one that is severely limited due to the fact that the domestic focus neces sarily places a different spin on the way in which eight information is represented and the prescribed suggestions/involvement that the federal government takes in seeking to ameliorate this specific hardship on domestic help. In damage of ease of navigation, this is one aspect in which the special(prenominal) website in question excels. Due to the fact that the web designers focus upon simplicity rather than a graphical user interface that was engaging, the ease of navigation is second to none (Meekly, 2009). Similarly, as with all government websites, a relatively robust privacy and security policy seeks to ensure that user information they might be sharing with the website will remain confidential and not shared with third parties.Furthermore, the website is beneficial in terms of three distinct aspects that could facilitate and increase the level of understanding within the nurse or allow them to integrate with the needs of the patient in a more full and complete manner.

Strategic managiment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic managiment - Essay ExampleDeBeers provides trade to more than 23000 employees worldwide and the main objective of the company is to make high quality rhombs and make a lasting contribution on the community (DeBeers, 2013h). The company has two major shareholders Anglo American with 85 percent holding and Government of the Republic of Botswana with 15 percent holding (DeBeers, 2013k). The DeBeers group of companies constitute of wholly owned subsidiaries, investment and partnerships in diamond making. The major tasks of DeBeers include exploration of diamonds and mining activities in three major diamond producing countries like Botswana, Namibia and South Africa. The company alike specializes in sorting, valuation and sale of rough diamonds and the evolution of synthetic diamonds for major industrial applications (DeBeers, 2013e).The study will deal with the strategic analysis of DeBeers and its outcome during the raise 2008 to 2009. The author of the study will als o conduct a PESTLE analysis which will sidle up the impact of the foreign and internal forces on the business activities of De Beers. Finally, the study will also conclude with an analysis which would help in identifying the internal and external resources of the company. Analysis of Business Environment & Success factors of DeBeers The business purlieu analysis also helps the company in adapting a particular marketing environment and also the dash it responds to certain environmental circumstances (Shaikh, 2010). The Porters Five Forces Model will be a significant macro environment analysis which will help in understanding the impact of the external and internal forces in a direct and indirect manner. Bargaining Power of Buyers Diamond is regarded as adept of the most precious and valuable jewelry item in UK and is also the most envy jewellery in the world. As per a survey conducted by the Bain and Company it was analyzed that diamond was the most coveted jewellery among wom en in UK in the year 2008 (Bain and Company, 2011). In the same survey conducted in the year 2008 it was also observed that that at least 65 percent of the UK household owned at least angiotensin-converting enzyme diamond jewellery in the household (Bain and Company, 2011). This reflects that in spite of recession in the UK the common pile preferred investing in valuable jewellery like diamond and also regard it as a valuable gifting item. Since, diamond is oneness of the most valuable and requires extensive maintenance, the price of diamond is preferably high and seldom there is any bargaining while purchasing the product. The bargaining power of the buyers is not very high in this industry. Bargaining Power of Suppliers The supplier forms an integral part in the diamond industry because they helped the diamond companies in 2008 to maintain timely delivery of the jewellery for industrial and consumer applications. The suppliers are trustworthy for supply of crude diamond to th e warehouses for cutting purposes and also for the supply of the polished diamond in the retail shops. The bargaining power of suppliers in this industry is high. Threat of Substitutes Although, compared to the other jewellery items diamond is regarded as one of the most valuable items in the world jewellery items like platinum and silver cannot be surrogate for diamond. However, preference is given to diamonds and the threat of substitutes was very low in the industry. Due to

Biographyinterview of Lesbian or bisexual or queer woman, or Essay

Biographyinterview of Lesbian or bisexual or queer woman, or trasgender individual - Essay ExampleI have recently shifted to Holland for pursuing my postgraduate diploma in women empowerment at Mastricht University Holland.Aisha. Up to the age of 16 years I did not know such(prenominal) about my sexuality. My m separate had told me only one story about my sexuality. When I was just a fewer months old my father sine qua noned to have my circumcision.Aisha. Yes. nevertheless in Africa some families go for the female circumcisions also. They want to curb the sexual desire of young womans by doing that. I dont distinctly remember how was I saved from the circumcision. But I really hated that idea.Aisha. My mother put me in a female hostel during my young two years i.e. 1983-1984 in high school. I had to live with a single senior girl Sumaira who stated sharing bed with me. She took a lot cargon about me and I felt she brutish in do with me. I became found of her in a few days. I remember by and by week or so we used to rush in the evening for bed and locked our room from inside. origin time she unclothed herself before and took me in her arms. This was an unusual and fascinating experience for me. She kissed me and pampered me all over my body. I felt my self in havens. It took me only minutes to unclothe myself and did all thing for her, she asked me. I clearly remember my first experience with sex when I slept so deep that next morning I was very fresh and happy. Only a women knows, I believe, what a sex of a woman is. consequently this thing became a regular habit till she left for another college and left me thirsty for a while. But within a month I came to know that there were a few other who used to enjoy this in groups, I joined them. X. Then what happened to you after high school Aisha. I joined the university and I always asked my self-different question on my sexuality. Why is homosexuality considered so bad in our society Why does our socie ty reject it at the outset And why social stigmas attached with it X. How and what did you mold the answersAisha. I joined a counseling class in gender studies. Our teacher who was a Nigerian scholar was herself a divorcee and a staunch liberal feminist. She explained that the men dominate heterosexual society. valet de chambre is inherently cruel and macho. He always looks at the woman as a commodity and considers woman as an object of enjoyment. So the homosexual women live within themselves. They dont need man either. The social stigmas associated with lesbianism, are all man made. They need to defend their arena of enjoyment. Women need to be empowered at every level. Woman needs to be emancipated in society. X. Then why and how you decided to lesbianism as a choice for sex. Aisha. Linda, an elegant blond, blued eyed Dutch girl met with me at a seminar. We had some chat at sex issues. I dont know. Really I dont know. But she changed my life. I am sure, we too humans were desi re each other from havens. I fell in love with her. She romanticized this relation. This is all because of her. I did my master from Holland. I joined Oxfam. I am feminist. Today we live together. I am proud of her. She told me the real love in my life. X. What are

Changing the Education Paradigm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

changing the Education Paradigm - Essay ExampleThe essay Changing the Education Paradigm talks around the purpose of reproduction in general and as a way to master the challenges of society and set down ahead in invigoration.The noble purpose of education is to enable the individual to acquire strikeed skills and acquaintance to muster the resources needed to make critical thinking possible, and from there effect desired changes in society. This is the proud aim wherein an individual becomes empowered to greatly improve animateness for everybody. It is the main idea of famed educator John Dewey, who argued education should be used to help improve mankind nature, to raise piece consciousness, to go along moral values, and to infuse ethical behavior and thinking of all educated people. There is a need to restore real education again as an integral part of learning about life skills and competencies, not limited to acquiring skills to get a job. Real education prepares the person to face life and be able to enjoy it to the fullest. It is not the mere memorization of books and articles rather, it should provide an understanding of what goes on in the larger real world. To be educated is to be imbued with those ideas and concepts which elevate the person into a real human being able to engage society in a meaningful way, get along in the world and give a good account of oneself. As Spayde somewhat put it succinctly, it should be such(prenominal) more than the obligatory filling of our heads with facts and figures which are oftentimes meaningless in the grander sweep of life. (Spayde 69), but education must not be limited only to the four corners of the classroom rather, it should be the whole world, instead, make into a classroom, in a figurative sense. What Spayde meant to say was formal education in an academic view should also be supplemented by informal schooling, in terms of real-life experiences, in which life-long lessons are learned and go ou t the student to distinguish the more important things in life. It will enable him to become a oftentimes more improved person able to tackle the challenges in life. A lot of distinguished Ameri advises were essentially self-taught, and this includes Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Edison, and Mark duet. These people did not limit their own education to what the classroom can offer, but supplemented their truncated academic schooling with their search for companionship by living life to the fullest and did not confine their search to what was offered only in schools in essence, the world became their giant classroom. As an example, Mark Twain quit school early and did not finish high school, and yet he educated himself by becoming a river pilot on the Mississippi River, met a lot of people, got to observe human behaviors and human nature, and became a self-taught expert on many topics concerning the Mississippi (Gribben 1). His frequent travels made for a real education, and his knowl edge of the Mississippi is better than most peoples he could cite facts about its geography, river basin (delta), malicious gossip fertility, and size from his prodigious memory (Twain 8). He ended up better educated

Research Review Report for Services and Relationship Marketing Paper

Review Report for helpers and Relationship Marketing - Research Paper manakinRelationship marketing refers to the process of identifying and establishing, sustaining, enhancing, and when deemed obligatory, ending relationships with customers and other organizational stakeholders at a gain in doing so, all the parties involved achieve their objectives. In the pursuit of all these, mutual giving and fulfillment of promises becomes a focal point in businesses, thus making relationship marketing a very decisive aspect in the gos and relationship marketing management of firms today. Relationship marketing is beneficial to firms because it is an impressive way of fostering customer loyalty and re-patronage behavior consumers who argon actively engaged in relative exchanges present with higher levels of satisfaction than those who are in discrete transactions. These higher levels of satisfaction could be attributed to the peace of mind and psychological comfort that consumers will t end to have because of purchasing from a familiar company. In this regard, many an(prenominal) companies consider investments in complaint handling a strategic route of increasing customer trueness to the firms and building customer loyalty that lasts as long as both parties are in business. Service firms are prone to mistakes that oftentimes result in regrettable service failures that are potentially calumniatory to their profitability and market reputation in this regard, service failures present the firms an opportunity to demonstrate excellent service experience and ensure customer retention. However, the service recovery paradox states that customers are more likely to carry a service failure more satisfied and loyal to their firms than when there is no service failure, so long as their problem is resolved efficiently. This paper presents a critical review of 3 peer-reviewed ledger articles with an aim of establishing whether customer loyalty is considered a critical ante cedent to the winner of post-recovery satisfaction, whether compensation is always necessary in service recovery, and whether the service recovery paradox is influenced by the severity of the service failure. Review after(prenominal) a systematic, intensive, and extensive research review, it has emerged that indeed customer loyalty is a critical precursor to the success of post-recovery satisfaction, compensation is always necessary in service recovery, and the severity of the service failure influences the service recovery paradox accordingly. According to Tax, Brown, and Chandrashekaran (1998), recovering rough-and-readyly from service failures contributes remarkably to customer evaluations of firms. Firms that engage in effective complaint handling strategies have extremely high customer retention rates, which eventually deflect the meeting of bad publicity from damaging word of mouth, thereby achieving increased outcomes in terms of increased returns on investment, among othe r positive outcomes. A case study in the article recorded $11 gazillion of additional revenue in a fiscal year, apart from the highest customer retention rate in the industry, after having implemented a service guarantee that was part of an initiative to ensure customer problems are dealt with effectively (Tax, Brown, & Chandrashekaran, 1998). Effective resolution of customer problems and relationship marketing lead to customer satisfaction, enhanced trust, and committedness complaint handling strategies particularly in managing customer relationships in service businesses are very significant in today

Informatics and Framus Computers Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Informatics and Framus Computers - Case Study ExampleIn ordinance for this slur to be arrested, an external intervention is necessary.The structures of the twain companies do not align with the overall goals of the businesses. In order for such businesses to work together as a single unit, the businesses need to remove structural hurdle through ensuring that both structures support the sh ared operations (Mills 2007). In this case, the twain businesses do not fix clear structures. For instance, Informatics is more formal, bureaucratic, and hierarchical compared to Framus. This affects the flow of information between the two firms.The strategies by the two businesses are not based on the competitive advantage of both firms. On the contrary, the two firms are almost competing with each new(prenominal). This is affecting the relationship between the two firms which depends on each otherwise for existence.The systems of the two companies have not been laid properly in order to en hance coordination. As a result, thither is no trust among the two organizations, an aspect that is affecting the overall quality of computer components being delivered to Informatics.The cater and their style of work are different. Both sides blame each other for the challenges facing the organizations. For instance, the top-level managers of Framus feel that the other companies that use their products do not raise similar complaints that are raised by Informatics. However, on the other hand, Informatics Companys management feel that the other firm is not doing enough to speak to the quality issues that have been raised by the business. The push and pull are affecting the overall performances of the businesses.In order for both businesses to work together effectively, they need to have similar organizational structure. This would make it easier for the top-level managers to glide by easily with the rest of the subordinates (Mills 2007).

The World of Hamlet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The World of Hamlet - Essay theoretical accountThe imaginary creation, the defrauds world, is so a self-contained world in which everything is as it should be. That said, he finds this play to be the most elusive of all of Shakespeares work. He paraphrases a Mr. E.M. W. Tillyard, stating that,No one is likely to accept other mans reading of Hamlet, that anyone who tries to throw light on one part of the play usually throws the rest into deeper shadow, and that what I have to say leaves out many problems-to mention only one, the knotty problem of the text (Mack, 1952 87).The mathematical function of this endeavor is to determine whether Macks assertion that three attributes of the play are, in fact, fountainable foundations for determining the popularity and the endurance of this play. To this end, this essay will examine the three attributes posited by Mack and argue that these attributes are indeed aspects of the imaginary world which do explain the power and the depth of th e play.The first attribute refers to the mysteriousness of Hamlets imaginary world. Mysteriousness, as Mack sees it, has big been an element associated with unique artistic endeavors. In Hamlet, this mysteriousness is manifest in many ways and pervades the text of the play rather than functioning as a sporadic or fleeting element. Mack cites the nature of Hamlets madness, the ghost, his manner toward Ophelia and Polonius, his clothing, and the manner in which his madness affects the other characters. there is, in effect, an extreme element of unpredictability which serves to hex rather than to discourage the reader of the play. This mysteriousness is engaging rather than unacceptable, and it functions to pull the reader into Hamlets world. The lack of logic, the riddles, and the unexpected reactions and twists cannot be questioned in this imaginary world quite the contrary, they function to unite the characters and the events more persuasively than if logic and reason had prevai led. Mysteriousness, in short, is sure as shooting one reasonable explanation for the emotion which the play generates. The second attribute refers to the tensity between realties and appearances in the play. There is a problem which arises in the play in terms of distinguishing pragmatism from appearances. This element of the play exacerbates rather than constrains the mysteriousness of the play. The ghost, for instance, is symbolic of this second type of attribute. The ghost is, in Macks words, a fomite of truth and yet its motivations and true form is uncertain. Realities spill forth from an apparition which itself is suspect. The reader of the play is thus confronted with more mysteriousness. Moreover, there is a constant second-guessing as to the real substance of the characters. What, for example, do Polonius and Ophelia truly desire Claudius repents. The King desires salvation. Much of what is learned is learned indirectly. Words are overheard and people are hidden. There is a sense that what is hidden is real and what is apparent is mere appearance. The language employed by the characters is deceptive and sincere. There are real questions as to what is the truth of many matters. What is the truth of Ophelia What is the true nature of the apparition and do his words convey reality or something less This second attribute, the layers of realities and appearances which are interwoven so seamlessly, certainly reflect this imaginary wo

Are viruses alive Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Are computer viruses a merry - look for ExampleViruses are microscopic agents that survive only in the nucleus of prison electric cells of opposite living beings. This implies that viruses live in any living thing both plants and animals. They replicate inside the cells and, in some travel cases, they feed on the nucleus of the cells thus resulting in the death of the cells. Viruses have unspecified expression of deoxyribonucleic stinging commonly referred to as the DNA (Dilcher, 2000). The DNA defines the social organization of cells, the fact that viruses have indefinite DNAs makes them capable of ever-changing their structure from time to time thus making it difficult for the remains cells to identify and remove them from the cell structures. Among the just about notorious virus is the Human Immunodeficiency virus that causes the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, AIDS (Nelson, 2010). This research denomination therefore employs an effective analysis of this single vi rus to describe the features of other viruses by extension. The structure of a virus A virus is an organism with a simple structure, this is arguably the smallest organism on solid ground and due to its small size, the organism cannot survive on its own, it thus requires the cell of a host organism to thrive. Viruses have the simplest structures composed of only three components. These are the nucleic acid, the protein coat and the lipoid membrane. The nucleic acid is the most ingrained part of the virus it contains the deoxyribonucleic and the ribonucleic acids. The two acids define the virus they contain all the necessary information for the virus to define its unique indefinite structure and to make it multiply (Theodora, Guoying & Dimitris, 2002). The nucleic acid is lightly dispensed in surrounding plasma all of which are enclosed in a protein coat. This is a light story of pure protein elements that protects the components of the virus. The protein layer defines the virus. However, being purely protein, the coat lacks definite shape to constitute the definite structure of a virus. The soft coat is highly permeable allowing free movement of molecules in and out of the virus. The structure of the protein further changes according to the protein composition of the host cell, this enables the virus to vary its acidity and alkalinity levels to suit that of the host cell thus permit its survival. Besides the two components of a virus is the lipid membrane. This is a layer ground after the protein membrane. However most viruses lack this layer and survive only with the protein layer as the most outside coat. Viruses that lack this final outer coat are generally referred to as naked cells. The lipid membrane performs the edge formation function thus defining the virus. It also lacks such strong elements as keratin and lipid and therefore aids in the indefinite structures of viruses. Virus infection process dissimilar other living organisms, a virus cannot survive on its own viruses have no chemical composition to exist without the assistance of a host cell. Host cells on which a virus mounts itself is referred to as a receptor (Agalioti & Prekh, 2001). Viruses choose their receptor carefully taking into consideration the information in the viruses deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acid this implies that every virus has its specific receptor. Once a virus gains entry into the body of a living organism, they attach themselves to their respective receptor cells from where they thrive through the rigorous replication process (Dilcher, 2000). The grippe causing virus shows preference for the mucus coating cells found in the lungs and other airwaves in the body. The HI Virus on the other hand shows indiscriminate preference to white blood cells in the body of a living organism. Since viruses cannot survive alone, they do not therefore freely exist in the surround but are carried in the body cells of other previously infected organisms. Th ey thus transfer from these organisms to the other through contact of the bodies that possibly results in the exposure of the body cells of the second victim.

Logistics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Logistics - Term Paper ExampleTo a pedigree, caliber inhibit helps in meeting the criteria and targets of the rig. Other importance of quality control will include customer satisfaction, enhanced convergence quality, effective teamwork, increased revenue, and reduced amount of waste. Quality management, as a principle, ensures that the business products and services atomic number 18 of quality to the expected standards. Several quality course of instructions can be used in ensuring effective quality control such as Total Quality Management, the Six Sigma, and Theory of Constraints. Hence, the goal of quality control is to create high performing service and products, of high quality, that meets and surpasses the expectations of the customers. In addition, quality control is important to the business in that it help training results or trainees reduce the probability of fault and reach a trenchant level ensure the businesses obtain good image and attain high level of performanc e ensures recurring development and establishment of quality products and services enhance the system of work and continually improve the output of training, and ensure continual training evaluation so as to develop work system (John, 2009).Logistics is a planning network of an enterprise that is used for the reasons of material management, information, and capital flows. Effective management control program in the logistics organization helps the business in making the cover deliveries at the right place for the right price in the right condition. This process includes importance of communication and control systems as well as complex information of the organization. Effective management control program in the logistics organization plays a brisk and pivotal role in the accomplishment of the objectives and goals of the business. This is because logistics management helps in planning, controlling, and

International economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

International economics - show ExampleThe economy of Russia can be defined as a mixed high-income economy, with the critical areas being owned by the state (Aswathappa, 2010, p. 305). Reforms to the market that took place in the nineties led to privatization of a coarse part of the industries as salubrious as agricultural sector in Russia, but noteworthy exceptions were in the zip fastener and defence sectors. Russia has some peculiarity among the principal(prenominal) economies in the manner in which it depends on energy revenues as the main drivers of its growth. The nation has numerous natural resources that include crude oil, natural gas as well as precious metals that constitute a huge pctage of the countrys exports (McColl, 2005, p. 778). By 2012, the oil and gas industry of the economy amounted to almost sixteen percent of the GDP, in excess of fifty percent of income of the federal budget and around seventy percent of all the exports from the country. The arms industry in Russia is sublime and sophisticated with the capability coming up with designs and manufacturing high tech military equipment like the fifth-generation fighter jets (Wenger, Perovic and Orttung, 2006, p. 12). Russias arms exports were valued at more than fifteen billion dollars by 2013, which was second to the US with the main military exports from the nation including combat planes, submarines and ships among others.By PPP, the economy of Russia is the sixth largest in the entire globe and boasts of sustenance standards that grew exponentially between 2000 and 2012 as a result of energy exports. During this time, the real disposal incomes of the country rose by more than one hundred and sixty percent. In terms of dollar denominations, this could be equated to an join on of more than seven times in disposable incomes of the country since 2000. Nonetheless, these gains have not been distributed equitably as it was discovered that the

Human resource management and performance in health care organisation- Essay

Human resource management and performance in health conduct organisation- the NHS - Essay ExampleThere is a range of approaches to managing the health care workforce for high(er) performance.In the UK, two streams of body process are evident the first focuses on making the NHS a good employer thereby recruiting and retaining good mental faculty, which could be called human resource (HR) management the second approach concerns rethinking how to provide high quality work as efficiently as possible, which could be called different ways of working. Such approaches are practically referred to as modernisation (see Bach 2002). However, Seifert and Sibleys argument that modernisation is not a neutral smell forward but a highly coloured version of progress rooted in market-style efficacy (2005 226) indicates the contentious nature of such terminology. Different ways of working is an attempt to avoid value judgements on the process and outcome of the different ways of working for emplo yees, employers and service users.Given that the UK NHS is the third largest employer in the world, employing 1.3 zillion staff in 2004, it provides a useful case study to illustrate the processes, outcomes and questions raised by both(prenominal) streams of work. The paper begins by outlining characteristics of the healthcare workforce in the UK and the challenges raised for managers. Against this background, the paper reviews the rationales put forward for HR management and different ways of working, providing recent UK examples of both types of initiatives. We use the Changing Workforce Programme as an example to provide an illustration of some issues which should be of particular concern to managers endeavouring to get the best from their healthcare workforce.Healthcare organisations are characteristically made up of a large proportion (around 50%) of professionally qualified staff providing frontline services to recipients of healthcare. This type of organisational arrangemen t has been called a professional

Write a 4 page essay based on the question provided

Write a 4 page based on the question provided - rise ExampleThere are many in the hard scientific communities that argue that philosophy is archaic as a whole and has been essentially unchanged for 2000 years (Andersen 1). They feel the considerations of philosophy as a science are rendered useless in the face of modern scientific awareness and technological advancements. They no longer see a place for philosophers like, Machiavelli, Socrates, Locke, and Hobbes. However, there are others who feel quite differently. Philosophy is relieve relevant and perhaps even more relevant in this modern technological age.Each of the philosophers mentioned has contributed greatly to the discussion of the human experience and remains relevant today. Machiavelli, for example, was a reluctant philosopher, perceiving himself as a historiographer and an academic. All the same his writings, concepts, perspectives, and ideas have sparked many a philosophical debate, be it to support his perspectives or to disown them. The term Machiavellian was coined in his honor to reference someone who cleverly excels in Machiavellis favored areas ethics, politics, and psychological phenomena (Nederman ). Socrates is a fascinating character of philosophical history he remains somewhat of a mystery to scholars. He was an oral philosopher who wrote nothing in his lifetime, but developed and changed philosophy forever. Socrates was the first to openly discuss the possibility that the pantheon of Grecian deities might not be responsible for all of the events that occur in the world. This non-theological approach to philosophy was considered heretical to the Athenian courts. Socrates was found guilty of crimes against Greece and sentenced to death for his philosophies. It was this sacrifice in the bring out of free thinking that spawned much philosophical debate and discussion over the years (Nails).John Locke focused much of his

New Code Raises Standards of Pharmaceutical Ethics and Practice in UK Essay Example for Free

New Code Raises Standards of Pharmaceutical Ethics and Practice in UK Essay1. IntroductionPharmacists play a role in the public health system and the readying of medical cargon public health system as critical as that of physicians. Most of the time, pharmacists simply fill the prescriptions coming from physicians, but pharmacists often need to prescribe and dispense medicines on their own, especially over-the-counter(prenominal) drugs that people usually use for self- music of common ailments. With less prudence and circumspection, pharmacists may prescribe medicines that do much harm than good. In recognition of these potential threats to the integrity of the pharmaceutical profession, the Royal Pharmaceutical Society of owing(p) Britain (RPSGB) has developed a new polity of ethics and performance frame usage, which depart that pharmacists and apothecarys shop technicians in the consentient of UK receive quality education necessary for fostering the knowledge, skills, att itudes and values to provide a consistent and invulnerable make out. In formulating the new pharmaceutical decree of ethics, the Society, as the RPSGB is to a greater extent popularly known in UK, say how the profession has been smeared by controversies involving some of its members, regarding issues on assisted suicide, making a prescription error, sedating an unruly enduring, dispensing high-cost drugs and recommending interposition that would allow loose7,,8. This paper discusses the revised code of ethics for British pharmacists and pharmaceutics technicians as to the likelihood of its lifting the master copy practice of drugstore to new heights of honest proficiency and integrity.2. Literature ReviewThe requirements of the revised code reflect key issues for modern drugstore practice, such as encouraging patients to be involved in decisions roughly their care, respecting patient choice and working in partnership with other healthcare captains8. All the susten ance of the code are supposed to reflect in the conduct, practice and performance of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, designed as it is to promote and support a culture of accountability and professional judgment. For this reason, the code sets out seven principles of ethical practice that pharmacists or pharmacy technicians need to observe in the pursuit of their profession.2.1. Key PrinciplesThe revised code of ethics is based on seven principles, each of which is supported by requirements that explain the types of actions and behaviors expected of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians when applying said principles in practice. The seven principles are 1) make the care of patients the pharmacists first strike 2) exercise professional judgment in the interests of patients and the public, 3) show respect for others, 4) encourage patients to participate in decisions about their care, 5) develop professional knowledge and competence, 6) be honest and trustworthy, and 7) take resp onsibility for your working practices.Unlike previous(prenominal) versions, detailed standards and guidance will be produced separately from the code. Seven professional standards and guidance documents watch as well as been developed to support and expand on the principles of the new code of ethics in the following areas persevering consent Patient confidentiality Sale and supply of medicines Pharmacist prescribers Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians in positions of authority Advertising earnings pharmacyThis means that people are forbidden to accept pharmaceutical work when they do non possess the necessary skills and competence7. If they do hand over the proper knowledge and experience, the code says that the pharmacist should start work by establishing the scope of his role and responsibilities and clarifying any ambiguities or uncertainties about where his responsibilities lie. In addition to complying with his legitimate and professional obligations, the pharmacist is also expected to keep up to date with and observe the laws, statutory codes and professional obligations relevant to his particular responsibilities8.2.2. Role and ResponsibilitiesIf subject is a pharmacy owner, superintendent pharmacist or pharmacy manager in a hospital, trust, or other field of practice, the code obliges him to set the standards and policies for the provision of pharmacy services by his organization. The idea is to make the organization its premises, departments or facilities properly maintained so that none of its activities would bring the pharmaceutical profession into disrepute. For this purpose, all the medicines, pharmaceutical ingredients, devices and other stocks at the pharmacy premises or facilities are stored under conditions appropriate to the nature and stability of these products. In hiring people, management of a pharmacy must conduct background check to ensure that they are qualified for the job and have no bend records1.The code deems it imp ortant that the people employed in a pharmacy are conscientious bountiful to tog out concerns about risks to patients or the public. Thus, the pharmacy should emplace an appropriate and effective mechanism for staff to raise concerns about risks to patients or the public, including concerns about inadequate resources, policies and procedures, or problems with the health, behavior or the professional performance of others.2.3. ethical DevelopmentEthical practice in any profession is commonly perceived to be the case of good education and preparedness. However, studies in the UK context reveal that classroom discussion and experiential clerkship training have no significant impact on the ethical decisions that pharmacists make later3. In an interview of pharmacy students regarding parole and drug rationing, it was found that majority would recommend treatment to allow parole and restrict the use of overpriced drugs6.The ethical choice here is between the benefits to the patient and the risks or costs to society. On physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia, few students expressed willingness to dispense any lethal dose of medication to terminally ill patients. In cases of unruly patients, however, more students would dispense the appropriate sedative. These receptions give rise to questions so to whether pharmacy students are develop to be patient-focused in their future practice3.The code also specifies training on such aspects of pharmaceutical practice as good consultation skills and meticulous record keeping. To the code, it matters if pharmacists forget to ask questions in a medication review or in dispensing a repeat prescription or misinterpret body linguistic communication and miss cues from patients about emerging problems. The reason is that pharmacists may be the only healthcare professional the patient is seeing routinely so it matters if they miss something or handle a clinical situation poorly.2.4. advertise DrugsA recent randomized control led trial using model patients found that patient requests for advertised drugs were a stronger determinant of prescribing decisions than whether or not the patient had the condition the drug aimed to treat2. Another study of prescribing decisions in response to patient requests found that if a patient asks for an advertised brand, he usually receives it, although the physician is more in all likelihood to be ambivalent about these prescribing decisions6. These studies suggest a need for physicians and pharmacists to receive adequate training on how to respond to patient requests.The global withdrawal of the drug Rofecoxib from the market in 2004 illustrates this point. Rofecoxib was no more effective than alternative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in treating the symptoms of arthritis but it was widely promoted as safer and accepted by the public as such. Although there were studies that it brought the side effect of increased heart disease risks, the drug make it big in th e market, with 80 million prescriptions worldwide3. The market success of the drug is a testament to the ecstasy of marketing over science. Only after the US Food and Drug Administration reported 35,000 cases of cardiac arrests and a congressional investigation was consequently held that the drug was pulled out. The incident highlighted the need to ensure that health professionals are adequately formd to evaluate promotional claims, and to assess and understand interactions with the pharmaceutical industry2.3. DiscussionEducators in umteen countries are clearly aware of the influence of pharmaceutical promotion on the health professions and wish to prepare students for this aspect of their professional lives. As a physician educator from India said, Whatever rational things we want to tincture in them, that should be done in the student period itself. Once they taste big notes then habits develop and later die hard9. This is precisely the habit the code of ethics for UK pharmac ists seeks to discourage.On pharmacy education, the literature agrees that there is no consistent, well-designed and deliberate go up to teaching students ethics during clerkship. Moreover, it has been observed that factors such as life experiences and normal maturation are likely to contribute to the students ethical festering. Acknowledging these limitations, the code simply seeks to bushel if there were noticeable changes in the ethical decisions made by students at different points in their education. Since it was seen that classroom and clerkship experiences do not impact on the ethical decisions made by pharmacy students, the code encourages pharmacy schools to attend to this problem. On top of the proposed agenda is a revision of the curriculum such that it can provide a deliberate and consistent ethical component to the clerkship experience5.A review of ethics literature in medicine and pharmacy found that pharmacy schools lag considerably behind medical schools in the d esegregation of ethics into the curriculum1. Additionally, medical schools were found to use a more patient-oriented approach to teaching ethics. It is believed that a patient-oriented, clerkship-based approach could enhance ethics education and is worthy of further study. The Society is thus currently making efforts to more effectively design and study alternative approaches to ethics education during clerkship, and throughout the pharmacy curriculum8.4. CommentaryThe conclusion that pharmacy students do not learn ethical behavior from their classroom and clerkship experience in UK casts query on full compliance with the code of ethics for this type of healthcare professionals. The above studies conclude that students have a less defined professional ethical system, which may be due to a pretermit of pharmacy practice experience. They recommend that further studies be done to document the ethical growth and development of pharmacy students. Other authors have suggested that futu re studies longitudinally evaluate the influence of pharmaceutical education and training on the moral development and ethical behavior of students. Furthermore, it has also been suggested that ethics education should include twain theoretical and practical components. If the code of ethics has to influence the practice of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, concerned authorities must take these suggestions to heart. Otherwise, the code will only be good on paper.

Three Protagonist Characters Essay Example for Free

Three Protagonist Characters EssayThis essay mainly concentrates on differences between teen be on sons, fusss they carry with and boys relationship with great(p)s. Most experts of young adults publications agreed upon casefulistics that withdraw historically defined the literary genre that a protagonist is a teenager and events revolve around the protagonist and his struggle to resolve date (Pam, p. 49). In unretentive stories discussed the three main characters are teenage boys. They differ from each other in their age, bearing and behaviour.All boys in stories are of different age, Charles is from eight to thirteen years old, stopcock age is not directly sad, except he is at age that his father wants me he to learn to drive (Tuohy, p. 124) and finally, the tercet boy, whom name is not mentioned, is 18 years old they had been studying for A levels together (A levels a British exam taken in particular subject, usually in the final year of domesticate at age of 18) (MacLaverty, p. 110, 121). The narrator tells the story from his sisterhood flashbacks when he was a very young boy. succession differences show distinct perspective on these boys behaviours. The visual aspect of the boys are also described dissimilar. Peters look is represented as it is not important, the narrator just comments on his voice Peters voice thrum resembling a slack guitar string (Tuohy, p. 124). This simile allows the reader to create a visual portrait of adolescent boy. In Bernard MacLavertys short story the boys appearance is also not explained. However, Penelope Lively in her story describes Charles appearance in detail The fry had black hair, slicked down smooth to his head.His ears, too large, jutted outlaced with tiny, delicate veins. His clothes had the gleaming and crease of newness (Lively, p. 102). It is evident that it was taken grate care of his look to show the importance of Charless appearance in the story. Moreover, the behaviours of the boys s eparate them from one another. Charles through the entire story says no word, he blocks with a groin of silence. Only from his facial expressions the author allows the reader to examine the boy His face is haggard with anticipation (Lively, p. 105).It shows that Charles is unhappy and miserable. Another character Peter in the story is acts like a typical adolescent boy who is not very relay linkly with adults Please dont always try to shut me out, Peter (Touhy, p 124). This passage shows that Peter is rude and he disagrees with adults. The third character is a boy in his flashbacks of his childhood, he is interested in everything that it is not familiar with him, he wants to know everything What is this? / Who is that in uniform? / Was your friend killed in the war? (MacLaverty, p. 114).All these questions create the image of the young boy who is nosey and importunate. Young adult authors and publishers know that adolescents can be impatient (Pam, p. 64) for that reason authors afford to create different characters and the differences they all have are making their personalities more understandable to young adults literature readers. According to Pam (p. 63) the issues discussed in teenage literature are morality and religion and the modern-day novel, however, can browbeat the reader with a sociable issue. Teenagers deal with all types of problems in their adolescence period.In these short stories protagonists deal with different problems more frequently related with social issues. For instance, in Secrets the young boy confront the problem of betrayal and deception, he is the one who is betraying others. Nosey boy reads his aunts letters that he is not allowed to You are a dirt, and always will be dirt. I shall remember this till the day I die (MacLaverty, p. 119). He offends his aunt by disobeying her will. The boy betrays his aunt and by this action he shows that he is too young to be reliable.In the short story succeeding(prenominal) Term, WeLL Mash You Charles faces the problems more related to teenagers, it is bulling. Charles is threatened by boys of new school Next term, well mash you, we always mash new boys (Lively, p. 105). This phrase shows that Charles is no exception, he will be bullied like other children and they just warn Charles what he could expect. In the third story The Licence the main problem Peter deals with is adolescence. It is a difficult period in boys life as he is no longer a child and not quite an adult.Peter has a lot to coping with in his life because of the recent death of his mother He hid under his handkerchiefs the photograph of his mother, and the letter she had create verbally to him before shie died (Tuohy, p. 127). Peter hides the letter because he does not want everyone to know what pain he is feeling, for teenagers it is commonality to hide their feelings in order not to get everyones attention. To conclude, problems discussed in the texts are often employ in young adults literature, they are as follows bulling, betrayal and adolescence.The teenagers stages in life when they are feeling the approximately misunderstood are depicted. Relationship between adults and teenagers are the most difficult because they do not understand each other. In addition, all three boys in the three different stories disagree and misapprehend with grown-ups. Firstly, in the story Next Term, WeLL Mash You the relationship between Charles and his parents do not exist, his mother is asks him all kinds of questions but never hears the answer.Parents do not care about Charles willing, they decide to send him to school before listening to his opinion, and just after agreement the mother ask politely Would you like to go there, Charles? (Liveli, p. 105) even they have already decided to send him. Treating child as he is not worth an opinion, makes parents heedless and careless. Furthermore, in The Licence Peter is not understand by adults, his aunt claims that he is just a child (Tuohy, p. 125) although his father is telling him to learn to drive (Tuohy, p. 124).This shows how two adult characters are treating Peter differently and see him in different points of view, as a child and a grown up. Finally, in Secrets the boy is case-hardened by his aunt with care She would sit with him on her knee, her arms around him and holding the page flatcar with her hand (MacLaverty, p. 111), she covers the boy with love and solicitude. The aunts behaviour changes after the boy reads her letters without her permission Get out, get out of my room (MacLaverty, p. 118). She is mad on the boy because he defy to her. aunty changes immediately and shouts on the boy, because he is just a young boy not an adult and she does not count him as an equal. To conclude, adults relationships with teenagers are complicated, the adults consider teenagers as not equal to them, as they do not understand them and do not stand well with each other. To sum up, young adults literature examine pro blems that teenagers frequently deal with. The authors of three short stories discuss issues of teenager characters and reveal how every protagonist character deal with problems they have to face in their adolescence life.

Passwords adopted Essay Example for Free

Passwords adopted EssayIn the use of tidings au pasttication systems, users argon the biggest enemy. According to the second discussion article by Johnson, S, he realized that he needed a password strategy after forgetting his password three quantify thereby being forced to go through a process of creating a new password. To outperform this problem of forgetting passwords, he resorts to using uncomplicated passwords.The average password user rarely makes an attempt to think a well constituted password. A well constituted password should be complex decorous to prevent what are known as dictionary attacks i. e. passwords constituting letters that make up words that are easy to guess or deduce. Passwords are not foolproof as it is and poor passwords make the square security measure weaker. Thus, poor password practices always undermine system security. Password reuse is another(prenominal) form of password abuse. uptakers usually adopt the same passwords or variations of the same password because they are easier to remember.Similarly, users leave alone normally opt to use simple passwords on occasions where the repercussions of intrusion are relatively dotty e. g. hat are generated for them. First, these passwords are often temporary and users are given specific instructions to promptly modify the password to something different than what was generated. Secondly, people may want to reuse their password they could just deepen the generated password into something they commonly use for an unimportant website. To help ease the problems that arise in creation and computer memory of passwords, password managers are used.A password manager is software that assists users to organize their passwords in a retrievable manner. A typical password manager has a database or files that store encrypted password data. Many password managers also work as form fillers whereby they fill the user and password data automatically into the forms. Unfortunately, many a( prenominal) users keep a written record of their passwords. Users who are subjected to complex passwords generated by password managers either change them frequently or end up writing them go through.This is itself creates another problem because some users write down their passwords on sticky notes etc. while others keep their passwords as text files n their computers or nimble device, where the passwords contribute be easily lost or stolen. Recommendations. Educating users on password security is effective. However, this should not warn efforts made at looking into security measures beyond passwords. An example is some companies that have branched into biostatistics to increase security. Biometrics is the science and technology of measuring and analyzing human biological data.In the context of schooling technology and more specifically security measures, biometrics refers to technologies that measure and analyze human body characteristics. These characteristics embarrass fi ngerprints, eye retinas and irises, voice patterns, facial patterns and hand measurements etc. These characteristics are unique to individual human beings and can thus be used for authentication purposes. Biometric authentication is becoming increasingly common in merged and public security systems, consumer electronics and point of sale (POS) applications. In addition to security, convenience has been another attractive nerve in Biometrics.Biometric devices, such as retina iris scanners, consist of a scanning device, software that converts the scanned information into a digital format and finally compares the resultant match points with those stored in a database containing biometric data for comparison. Another recommendation is the implementation of a layered strategy. It could start out with one password to gain general access, then as the risk rises, the user should be required to provide combinations of something in their knowledge and which is a secret. It could be a smart card, a secure ID token, etcFor systems that are limited to the use of keyboard based passwords, the following measures would greatly assist in strengthening the passwords adopted 1. Avoid letters from familiar phrases. 2. Combine the use of upper-case letter and lowercase letters in the password. 3. Avoid abbreviations of common phrases or acronyms. 4. Use punctuation in the password. 5. Use a password of at least six characters. 6. Avoid common literary names. 7. Mix up two or more separate words. 8. Create an acronym from an uncommon phrase. 9. Avoid passwords that contain your login ID. 10. Use song in the password. 11. Use homonyms or deliberate misspellings.

History of Federation of Malaya Essay Example for Free

History of confederation of Malayanana EssayThe Federation of Malaya (Malay Persekutuan Tanah Melayu) is the name given to a federation of 11 states (nine Malay states and two of the British Straits Settlements, Penang and malacca cane) that existed from 1 February 1948 until 16 September 1963. The Federation became independent on 31 August 1957. It was reconstituted as Malaysia with the addition in 1963 of Singapore, Sabah, and Sarawak. History After World War 2, the British came again to Malaya and Britain suggested the formation of the Malaysian Union. Malayan Union not only took away the baron of the Malays over their nation, but also the rights that run to the Malays. Then, the wad of Malayan Union started to realise that their country has to be ruled by their own people and not to be ruled by other people of other nations. Due to opposition from Malay nationalists, the Union was disbanded and replaced by the Federation of Malaya, which restored the symbolic positions of the rulers of the Malay states in 1st of February 1948. The British government and Malaya leadership signing the agreement of establishing Federation of Malaya at Kings House, Kuala Lumpur. Within the Federation, while the Malay states were protectorates of the coupled Kingdom, Penang and Malacca remained British colonial territories.Like the Malayan Union before it, the Federation did not complicate Singapore, despite its traditional connections with Malaya. The Federation achieved independence within the Commonwealth of Nations on 31 August 1957. In 1963, the Federation was reconstituted as Malaysia when it federated with the British territories of Singapore, Sarawak, and British North Borneo (renamed Sabah) the latter territory was claimed to be a part of the Sultanate of Sulu. Singapore separated from Malaysia to become an independent republic on 9 August 1965. savvy of FederationThe Federation of Malaya Agreement was formulated by the BritishMalay Pleno Conference betwee n June and declination 1946. At the end of the meeting, the Pleno Conference produced a 100-page Blue Book. The Federation of Malaya Agreement was signed on 21 January 1948 at King House by the Malay rulers, and by Sir Edward Gent as the representative of the British government. The Agreement superseded the Agreement creating the Malayan Union, and prepared for the establishment of the Federation of Malaya on 1 February 1948. The position of the Malay rulers was also restored.As with the Malayan Union, the Federation excluded Singapore, despite its traditional links to Malaya. List of member states * Johore * Kedah * Kelantan * Malacca * Negeri Sembilan * Pahang * Penang * Perak * Perlis * Selangor * Terengganu System of Government The government of the Federation of Malaya was headed by a British High Commissioner with executive powers, support and advised by the Federation of Malaya Executive Council and the Federation of Malaya Legislative Council. * The Federation of Malaya Ex ecutive Council comprised 7 authoritative and 7 drumhead members.The Federation of Malaya Legislative Council comprised the High Commissioner as the Council President, 14 official and 50 unofficial members representing the Straits Settlements, business groups and all races. Additionally, 9 State Council Yang Di Pertua (heads of state), Chief parsons and 2 representatives from the Straits Settlements became unofficial members. * The Malay Conference of Rulers would advise the High Commissioner on immigration issues. The British Resident was replaced with a Chief Minister in each state of the federation. Conditions of citizenshipThe conditions of citizenship of the Federation of Malaya were further tightened using law enforcement and naturalisation by application. low the laws, the following were automatically granted citizenship 1. Citizens of the Sultan of any state 2. British citizens born in Penang or Malacca who have lived continuously for 15 years in the federation 3. Briti sh citizens born in the federation whose fathers were born or lived continuously for 15 years in the federation 4. Anyone born in the federation, conversant in the Malay language and following Malay traditions in his or her daily action 5.Anyone born in the federation whose parents were born and lived continuously for 15 years in the federation Via naturalization (by application), one could achieve citizenship, given these criteria 1. Born and lived for at least 8 of 12 years in the Federation of Malaya before the application was made 2. Lived in the Federation of Malaya for at least 15 of 20 years before the application was made In both cases (via naturalization), applications must be well-behaved, swear obedience and clarify their reasons for living in the federation, and are fluent in either the Malay or the English language.The Federation of Malaya, through its constitution, guarantees the rights and special position of the Malay people as well as rights, powers and sovereig nty of the Malay rulers in their respective states. Separation of powers of the federal and state governments The federation agreement Perjanjian Persekutuan set the powers of the federal and state governments. Financial matters must be handled by the respective states. The Sultan was given full power on religious issues and Malay customs. Foreign policy and defense continued to be administered by the British government.

The Causes of the Popularity of Video Games Essay Example for Free

The Causes of the Popularity of Video Games EssaySince the introduction of videogames to the usual in the 1970s (Herman, et al 2002), it has break a popular form of entertainment, both outside and at home, for children and adults a same. The first successful video game, Pong, was so popular that game machines reportedly broke down payable to excessive numbers of quarters inserted into the coin slots (Herman, et al 2002).Through the decades, its appeal never seemed to wane, as much(prenominal) gaming systems argon developed and marketed and point more games created and published. The popularity of videogames never ceases to expand, and in the recent years, it has seemed to grow to new-make heights, curling notwithstanding adults who once considered videogames as mere childrens playthings, and females who did not play videogames because they are for boys. Advancements in technology, developments in gameplay and content, and the experience are the factors that the populari ty of videogames mostly owes itself to.Technological advancements are on the move, faster than they fix been in the bypast decades. Computers are gaining wider acceptance in the home and in the workplace, aiding in tasks such as writing and research, database management, and even up education. Almost every home today has at least one computer under its roof. This change magnitude in usage of computers provided game developers a window to a larger market. This was impossible back then, as computers were generally thought of as belonging to the workplace, and videogames are not meant to be played in offices. As computer technology improves, game developers dissolve create emend, more realistic graphics, longer games, and expansive gameplay, which attract even the most casual of computer users.However, PC games generally have a more exceptional scope in terms of genre and gameplaymost games for PCs are either First-Person Shooters (FPS) or strategy games (examples are Counter-St rike and Warcraft, respectively) Thankfully, due to these same advances in computer technology, electronics firms like Sony and Microsoft are able to develop standalone videogame consoles like the PlayStation and the Xbox, which become faster, better, and more powerful with each incarnation.These consoles compensate for where the PC lacksit provides an even wider range of games available, and generally perform better as game systems than the PC, and this does much to attract an even larger audience of gamers. Portable game systems like the Nintendo DS and Sony PlayStation Portable introduced the idea of games on-the-go, which enables players to take the games out of their homes and bring them practically everywhereuseful in passing the time during road travel or waiting in line, or even during inculcate breaks. These consoles, naturally, are crafted for people always on the move. Technology created an opportunity for videogames to become easily available and more popular.Another fa ctor that helped videogames become a popular hobby of many people is developments in gameplay, genre, and content. In its early forms, videogames are so simple that they become old in only a thing of days or even hours. The introduction of the high score system alleviated this somewhat, making even games like Pong playable over and over, with the goal of beating the other individuals score. However, even this bequeath prove to be insufficient later on. Developers explored other types of games, and soon a multitude of contrasting games with unlike play styles were born.Today, in that location are many games a player can choose fromincluding from platformers (like the ace Mario games), role-playing games (Diablo, Ultima), strategy games (Warcraft), fighting games (Street Fighter), and even educational games (Brain Age), among many others. These new genres made videogames attractive to different markets of different ages and interests. Even girls, who previously did not play vid eogames, have become attached to games like bound Dance Revolution, because of their new, unisex appeal, and its health benefits, due to the game requiring actual physical endurance..Adults, who used to shun videogames because they were associated with children, now have no excuse to not play videogames because there are games so challenging that only adults can fully appreciate them. There are also games catering specifically to adults nowadays, with additional violence and risqu themes (Grand larceny Auto). This expansion of gameplay types, genres, and content enabled game companies to pierce through almost every market segment, and each person will most likely find a game suited to his or her own ain skills and interests.The experience of playing videogames is something that cannot be found in many pastimes, and videogames have become popular because of this characteristic. In chronicle-driven games, for instance, gamers are not only treated to a fun, challenging game, they a re also presented an engrossing story which rivals even those of best-selling novels. Multiplayer games pit players against each other in matches of skill or reflexes, depending on the game, and there is much enjoyment to be found competing against another player in ones favorite game.Teamwork, leadership, and situational social interaction, previously found only in team-based sports games, can now be experienced in computer games in the form of multiplayer online role-playing games, where gamers from around the globe form parties striving together to complete an in-game interest or to find a rare item. Videogames provide an enriching, and sometimes even educational, and extremely unique experience, which they will keep coming back to time and again.The popularity of videogames and computer games will never decline, and will perhaps even increase in the future years, because of increasing technological developments, their wide-range appeal, and the sheer experience of playing them. They have made available mind-bending challenges, a great pastime for one or for many, and countless hours of fun and excitement. full treatment CitedHerman, Leonard, et al. The History of Video Games. Gamespot.5 February 2002. 6 June 2007 http//www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/video/hov/.

Health Care Spending Essay Example for Free

Health Cargon Spending EssayIn the past septette decades wellness conduct glide bying has been increasing tremendously. The industrial era brought in a new-fangled organisation to help population repayablel with the make up of medical c are. New technology has become a such(prenominal) needed investing in the 21st century which has yield to a great margin surrounded by small and big facilities. When looking at all of these factors at that place is no wonder the nation is spend counselling too much money on wellness care, although at times might face that at that place is not tolerable. It seems that the right investment is needed to help aid those that need help the to the highest degree the elderly and unemployed, with the economy in a fragile state and unemployment rates increasing with the quarters t here(predicate) is no question that decisions about how we are outgo on health care take to change. flush though so many factors are involved in the expendi ng this paper would focus on our current level of expenditures, how and where is the money spent, forecasting what would be coming next.Current level of discipline health care expendituresAccording to Physicians for a National Health Program (2012), National Health Expenditures was $2.8 trillion, and the spending as a percentage of GDP was 18% for 2012 (National Health Expenditure Projections Modest Annual Growth until Coverage Expands and frugal Growth Accelerates). When looking at these facts many would even argue we are spending quite enough when it comes to healthcare or perhaps too much, however is the complete opposite not enough spending is in the right place. These figures does not represent the spent on one area of health care the graph below will go forth an idea as to what, when, and where was spent on 2009.Total = $2.3 one one thousand thousand million millionSource Martin A.B. et al., Growth In US Health Spending Remained Slow in 2010 Health dish out of Gross Dome stic Product Was same(predicate) from 2009, Health Affairs, 2012.As shown on the graph 51% of the spending is towards hospital care and physician/clinical operate which are great to be invested in, however the rest period of the spending in my opinion is not proportionally distri excepte, yes those areas are extremely important but it would be beneficial if more can be distributed along medication, and other professionals services to include the testing and discover of serious illnesses such as cancer. The investment is require to subsidize the needs on these areas, 45 percent of people under age 65 who dont have redress coverage for prescription drugs said they had not fill a prescription in the exit year because of the cost.Additionally, 84 percent of working-age people in the U.S. without indemnification coverage for prescriptions said they had taken some action such as spending less on groceries or postponing paying other bills in order to pay for their medications, an inc rease from 71 percent last year (Rowan, 2012). Regarding testing for patients with cancer there should be more funding for the new technology on tap(predicate) for test that many patients are not aware, because they cannot afford it or simply because it is not available in their area.Spending Too much or not enough?In 2010, $2.6 trillion was spent on health care services and products, 61 percent of which purchased hospital care, physician and clinical services, and retail prescription drugs. Private health insurance paid for 33 percent, out-of-pocket sources for 12 percent, and other third companionship payers and programs for 7 percent. The two largest government health care programs, Medicare and Medicaid, purchased $925.1 billion worth of health care goods and services in 2010, accounting for 36 percent of total health care spending (Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, 2012).The increase of cost would continue to start according to economists, health care managers, an d advisors forcing for a new reform to change the system. therefrom many are not too please with this idea is a phenomenal that cannot be avoid, there is a need to change in policies and methods in which we spent or invest in health care.Suggesting that the investment is too little would be a denial statement, everyday more and more patients are relying on programs such as Medicare and Medicaid to get the attention postulate at the moment. As the economic deferral set in deeper less would be available to afford just the basic needs, medication or any treatment unemployment rates are on the rise and it does not seem it would stop anytime soon. Although the new reform would try to establish some type of stability, until the insurance companies and policy makers come to an agreement to bequeath a universal premium for service which can be affordable for all, the same problems would continue to emerge. umteen factors also have effect on spending considering for example the demand fo r new technology in the 21st century this trend has become to some degree a factor in the rise on health care spending. Much of this new technology is beneficial if it provides a new way to used already establish technology, however many studies have revealed that most of them are only here to replace such technology and at some circumstances increase the cost of service. As a country a deeper consideration of such technology is needed not only to save money, but to invest wisely as to what would help the system cut in spending.Future economic needs of health careFor years to come the enduring effects of the economic recession and slow recovery, due mostly because of partial growth in incomes, are expected to continue to limit health spending growth. In 2014 the coverage expansions laid out in the Affordable Care Act for Medicaid and for private health insurance are expected to increase the growth rate for health spending, with notable increases expected in spending on physician ser vices and prescription drugs for newly insured patients. By the end of the year, higher(prenominal) income growth and the continuing shift of baby boomers into Medicare are expected to cause health spending to grow roughly two percentage points faster than overall economic growth, which is about the same differential experient over the past thirty years.Therefore a necessary reform of a issue health care perhaps would provide the change needed, the only issue with this suggestion is the funding. Thus a national health care would help every citizen reach the so needed medical attention required at an affordable price there is no surprise that the funding through Federal programs are thinning, and the cost of private insurance keeps on raising. Therefore a more evaluated reform should be install in place where the cost of care should be regulated, and more affordable options are given to the population an increase on reimbursement of healthcare for basic health needs is necessary t o subsidize the cost for interlacing health needs in order to keep the cost regulated.According to Centers For Medicare And Medicaid Services (2011), In 2014, national health spending is projected to rise to 7.4 percent, or 2.1 percentage-points faster than in the absence of reform, as the major(ip) coverage expansions from the Affordable Care Act (ACA) are expected to result in 22 million fewer uninsured people (National Health Expenditure Projections 2011-2021).Increases in Medicaid spending growth, and private health insurance growth will contribute to the overall acceleration in national health spending in 2014. There is no question that technology would also continue to raise to help the system provide the best and fast way possible services to those in need. Investing more in health care can only benefit the nation however the right decisions needs to be do in order to keep the spending growth under control.ReferenceCenters for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2012). Retriev ed from http//www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/downloads/dsm-10.pdfCenters for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2011). Retrieved from http//www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/NationalHealthExpendData/Downloads/Proj2011PDF.pdfMartin A.B. et al., Growth In US Health Spending Remained Slow in 2010 Health Share of Gross Domestic Product Was Unchanged from 2009, Health Affairs, 2012.Physicians for a National Health Program. (2012). Retrieved from http//www.pnhp.org/news/2012/june/2012-health-care-spending-including-administrationRowan, K. (2012). Fox news.com. Retrieved from http//www.foxnews.com/health/2012/09/13/why-americans-prescriptions-are-going-unfilled/

Alfred Lord Tennyson - The Charge Of The Light Brigade Essay Example for Free

Alfred Lord Tennyson The committee Of The frail group EssayDiscuss the poets distinguishable attitudes to fightf atomic number 18, as presented in The Charge Of The weightlessness Brigade and vulnerabilityA much experient poet k straight offn as Alfred Lord Tennyson wrote the Charge Of The debile Brigade. He was born in 1809 and died of old age in 1892. He wrote The Charge Of The take down Brigade in response to a Newspaper Report from the Times, which was written by W.H.Russel, so his understanding of the war was from second hand knowledge, he was outback(a) from the action. contrary Wilfred Owen, who wrote pictorial matter. Owen was born in 1893 and died at a rattling young age in 1918. The reason for his young death was, he was a participant in the war and died during battle, so his was writing from his own experiences. Although Owen was a less experienced writer, his poetrys only real(a)ly became known after his death, as he had a less authorative voice.The main convertibleities between the two poesys is that they argon both writing active wars, however both wars are from a different sequence and so are fought in alone different ways. Tennyson wrote The Charge Of The alight Brigade just active the Crimean war, which was originally between France and Russia just Britain joined because she worried about(predicate) her security. The Crimean war was fought on horseback, which meant that it would be over fairly quickly. I think this because it would set about been sensation charge, this battle would then acquire gone on until all the soldiers in one side were injured or dead. He was very(prenominal)(prenominal) far removed from the action, as he didnt even witness the war, so his poem written is third hand. Where as Owen wrote Exposure from maiden hand experience. For these reasons I may be able to place more(prenominal) value on Wilfred Owens poem. The First World War was fought over several years and the soldiers spent a lot of that time in trenches.The mood, tone and language in each poem are completely different from the other. In The Charge Of The Light Brigade the mood is very light and springtimes the feeling that all the soldiers, were excited about what they were doing. This is helped by the fact that Tennyson doesnt go into the atrocities of the war, instead writing of When horse and hero fell. Here he is basically state that they sacrifice been shot down, but the way Tennyson puts it, its like its non that dramatic, when it is. In The Charge Of The Light Brigade it doesnt really distinguish those soldiers that died in battle and those that lived, Then they rode back, but not the half dozen hundred. This is what I think plays a big part in making the mood of the poem so light, as it avoids death, which is upsetting. Where as in Exposure the mood is very depressing and dismal as Owen is constantly saying how the soldiers were creation attacked in different ways.He workforcetions th e weather attacking them, which can be seen from in the cutthroat iced winds that knive us. As rise as things like the change wire in front of the enemies trenches, Like move reflexively agonies of men amongst its brambles. However the poem doesnt mention soldiers attacking them, which may indicate that the weather and other things were more threatening and deject, then the enemy. In Exposure Owen speaks of the soldiers pain and this is what I think makes the poem so demoralising to read, because he is trying to fate how war causes suffering and reduces the soldiers. Unlike Tennyson who is trying to honour and exhilarate the soldiers and so making the poem seem more pleasant. However in some ways the poems are similar as the language used indicates that poets generalise and universalise all the men in the war.The Charge Of The Light Brigade is a lot more structured then Exposure. This is because in Tennysons poem he negotiation about the different stages of the battle, wher e as Owen doesnt really mention battle, its more about the soldiers suffering. In The Charge Of The Light Brigade Tennyson goes through each stage of the battle, within each individual stanza. So in the firstly stanza the soldiers have been ordered to start their charge. The second stanza is quite an important part of the poem, as we discover that the soldiers had been t terminaling(p) the wrong order. However because they are so disciplined and loyal to their country, no one questions it. Tennyson is trying to glorify and honour the soldiers so he simply says, Not though soldiers knew, someone had blundered. In the third stanza the soldiers are in range of the enemys guns and in stanza four, the soldiers are forced to turn back because so many men have been killed.Even though at this point the British soldiers are being defeated Tennyson strains their bravery. That takes the lectors assistance off the fact that they are losing so badly. An deterrent example of this is, Sabrin g the gunners on that point. The parole sabring has been used very cleverly as it pass ons the reader the impression that the British soldiers were hacking away at the Russians, because Tennyson was writing the poem to honour The Light Brigade. In stanza five the British soldiers are salve not out of danger despite turning back, as more Russians have keep up in behind them, so even more soldiers get killed.Stanza sextet is simply Tennyson reflecting on their bravery. In Exposure there isnt such an obvious structure. In stanza one Owen talks about the soldiers being attacked by the weather and in stanza two they are being attacked by the enemys barbed wire and it goes on like this. The weather is continually being draw and quarterd in different ways, one very effective way is when Owen uses alliteration, Dawn massing in the East her melancholy army. There is no real progression to the poem because it mirrors what is going on in the war, as they are stuck in trenches.The whee l in each poem is completely different form the other. The Charge Of The Light Brigade has a very lively and energetic feel to it, this is due to its incredibly fast pace. In contrast Exposure has a very slow rhythm like the progress of the war. However in the third stanza there is a change in pace and it picks up just a little bit. This is due to the rhythm sounding like the bullets being described in the stanza, Sudden successive bullets streak the silence like the shells being shot in The Charge Of The Light Brigade. But the pace returns to its gloomy rhythm in the following stanza. In The charge Of The Light Brigade the rhythm of the poem sounds very much like the rhythm the galloping horses would make, this can be seen from Half a league, half a league onward, all in the vale of death rode the six hundred. I also think that the discipline of the British soldiers shows in the discipline of the rhythm. individually poem gives a completely different image of war, because they wer e written for different purposes and from different points of view. In The Charge Of The Light Brigade Tennyson uses a lot of similes and metaphors to create tension in the poem. He also uses similes to give the reader a better image of the battle and to show how heroic the soldiers were. Where as in Exposure Owen uses similes and metaphors to show how much the soldiers around him have been reduced, and the only thing they have to keep them going is dexterous memories. In The Charge Of The Light Brigade the first noticeable and most repeated image is all told in the valley of death. I think that Tennyson choose to describe the charge like this because death is a very piteous word. The word all unites the soldiers and due to the image of the extreme danger, given by the word death, shows the soldiers bravery, it also gives the imagination of a big sacrifice.Not only do we get the feeling of danger, but Tennyson also discreetly describes sounds, through the use of onomatopoeia, Vo lleyed and thundered. I think that this is really clever, as it adds realism to the poem. When Tennyson uses alliteration, the lyric poem he uses sound like the hissing of the artillery on the battlefield. An example of this is Stormed at with shot and shell. Tennyson uses euphemism to describe the British soldiers cleansing the enemy he uses words like flashed and sabring. The British soldiers are basically killing people, but the way Tennyson describes it, its as if they are doing it elegantly and almost gracefully. All of these images give the main fit that the war was glorious. The reason we get this image of the war is because Tennyson hides the realities behind euphemism, unlike Owen who shows the war for what it really is. in force(p) from the first word our we immediately know that it has been written from the point of view of the narrator.Owen gives a very chilling image to the war because he has experienced it, he can say what he has seen and felt. The use of embodime nt shows how the soldiers looked on the outside Attacks once more in ranks, on ranks of shivering grey. Here Owen is talking about the weather attacking the soldiers, because the soldiers looked so grey and dull. Owen also adds shivering to the sentence, which could show that not only were they shivering because they were cold, but because they feel cold in their hearts like theyve been forgotten.Owen uses alliteration to emphasise that the men have no luxuries, unlike Tennyson who used alliteration to show the excitement of the war. In Exposure the uses of alliteration gives the reader the image that its as if the weather is trying to find them to put them through more distress, this can be seen from Pale flakes with fingering stealth come feeling for our faces. However I think Owen saves the most moving image for the end, unlike Tennyson who reflects on the heroism of the men during the battle, Owen shows just how terrible it is. In the final stanza Owen creates a very strong imag e, Pause over half-known faces. All their eyes are iced.To begin with it seems as though Owen is talking about the dead soldiers eyes being iced, because they are dead, but he is also talking about all the soldiers who are still alive and have to look at them. Owen is saying that in order to cope with what the soldiers have to face out in the trenches their eyes have also iced over, as they have no feeling any more. In Exposure we get the impression that it is probably easier to be dead, as you have gone to a better place and the pain and suffering stops, as concisely as your spirit leaves your body. When I read Charge Of The Light Brigade I didnt feel very much inside, because the images that were given through the use of personification and other things were glorious. In Exposure the image seemed very real, because the poet was really writing from the heart and it made me feel quiet and lonely inside.Exposure and The Charge Of The Light Brigade both use repetition to show the re ader that there have been casualties in the war. In The Charge Of The light Brigade different words are repeated to highlight different things. To emphasise the courage of the charge Tennyson repeats, Forward, the light brigade and The valley of death, which gives the idea that there is no turning back. In stanza two, three lines begin with their. This is used to show the discipline of the soldiers, that not one of them is questioning the wrong order. At the end of the first three stanzas Tennyson is still repeating, Rode the six hundred, this use of repetition gives the idea that the soldiers are still alive.However the final line of stanza four, Not the six hundred shows that not all the soldiers were going to come back from the valley of death. In stanza five some of the lines from stanza three are repeated, Cannon to the right of them, this gives the idea that even though they are on their way back the danger still surrounds them. At the end of stanza five Tennyson has said, Lef t of six hundred. He is still repeating six hundred, but has changed the words in front of it, to give the idea that the number of losses was more then the number of survivors. Exposure doesnt have has much repetition in as The Charge Of The Light Brigade, but it too has the majority of its repetition at the end of each stanza.The repetition of But nothing happens in three of the stanzas and the final stanza, give the image that the soldiers are almost waiting to die. The use of repetition in this ways indicates that they feel forgotten, because they have gone out to the trenches to do a job, and they are unable to do that job properly. In stanzas five, six and seven Owen repeats, dying at the end of each stanza. By doing this I get the impression that not only are the soldiers dieing because they are being attacked, but their spirits are dying as well as their love for things, its like they have lost themselves in the strong winds that surround them. So in both poems the use of rep etition sums up the casualties of war, in Exposure they are shown in a more harsh way, then in The Charge Of The Light Brigade.Both poems are completely different in the way they portray the war, in that Exposure uses realism and The Charge Of The Light Brigade uses euphemism. The reason for there being such a lot of euphemism in The Charge Of The Light Brigade is because Tennyson wants to praise the soldiers. He also uses euphemism to hide behind the grim realities of life. A very good example of euphemism in the poem is, Sabring the gunners there. It is basically saying that the British soldiers were hacking away and killing the enemy, but it isnt described like that because the aim of Tennysons poem was to honour the soldiers. The word sabring makes the British soldiers sounds elegant and sophisticated, as if they arent doing anything wrong.So in order to honour the Light Brigade Tennyson hides behind euphemism. In contrast Owen uses realism in his poem because he wants to show w ar for what it really is. In everything he says he is very blunt and relates even the simplest things to every day horrors. By employ realism Owen shows the reader that the only thing the soldiers have to keep them going are memories, an example of this is, Slowly our ghosts drag home glimpsing the sunk fires glozed. This emphasises that the soldiers have no luxuries and how now they take nothing for granted, because they now realise it isnt always going to be there for them. The reason for The Charge Of The light Brigade using euphemism and Exposure using realism, is because each writer is trying to give a different image of the war, for different reasons using these methods.In conclusion both poems appear to be very similar when I first looked at them, however the only thing they have in common is that they are both about wars. The reason they only have this in common is for two reasons. The first reason is that both wars were completely different types of wars. The second reason and the most important, is that the writers show different attitudes towards war. In Charge Of The Light Brigade Tennyson wrote the poem to honour and glorify the soldiers that fought in the war. So the way he presents the poem, its as if Tennyson is saying that war is good thing to part of.I think the other reason for him putting such a positive image on the war was because he didnt fight in it, therefore there are no feelings included in his poem. So because Tennyson approves of the soldiers loyalty there are no signs of irony. Where as in Exposure Owen, who fought in the war, is able to include feelings. Due to having such a horrible time in the trenches, these feelings are sad and seem painful, putting war in a completely different light. Unlike Owen, Tennyson believed that no good could come from war, and although Owen is against war Exposure isnt an anti-war poem. However the one attitude that both writers show in their poems, is that you have to fight sometimes to preserve w hat is good.